Casting of ingots



Oct. 9, 1934 A. Q. CARNEGIE ET AL CASTING OF INGOTS Filed June 25, 1932 D Brbfie. 7'60 0 ant Thom son and. Fralercl: G11 wmig id n' rese by W, m

atented ch 9, i934;

rotates onsrmo or moors Alired Quintin Carnegie and Hugh Malcolm Duncan, Newcastleupon-Tyne, and tilharies Algernon Parsons, deceased, late of Newcastle upon-Tyne, Engiand,

by Katharine Parson,

Kirkwhelpington, Vincent Thompson, New

castie-upon-Ciync, and

Frederick Gordon Hay lhediord, Wylam-upon-Tyne, England, iegai representatives; said Carnegie and said Euncan assigncrs to said Katherine Parsons, said Vincent Thompson, and said l redericlt Gordon Hay Redford Application Home 23, 1932, Seriai No. ciaccs v lin Great Britain January 8, 1933 6 Claims.

The invention relates to the casting of ingots, particularly steel ingots, and is applicable, though not restricted, to the method of casting ingots described in the specification of Patent No. 1,671,253.-

111 the above-identified specification, a method of casting steel ingots is described in which the mould is of comparatively small depthinproportion to its transverse dimensions and the molten metal is cooled from below upwards by a massive bottom chill.

By preheating the walls of the mould in such an arrangement and supplying heat to the free surface of the molten metal, ithas been found that the isothermals remain substantially horizontal throughout the cooling process and that an ingot of great physical and chemical homogeneity is produced.

In practice, however, difficulties occur in the handling of such ingots when subjected to the action of vertical hammers or presses and in order to overcome such diificulties, attempts have been made to weld to the top of the ingot when in the mould a projection, commonly called astalk, for the attachment of a porter bar, but such a method of attaching the stalk has not been found satisfactory and fracture has in some cases occurred under the action of the hammer or press.

The object of the present invention is to overcome difliculties of the nature indicated.

' With such an object:--

The present invention consists in forms of apparatus as hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in theclaims for casting a stalk integral with an ingot without substantial or undue interference with the normal cooling process from the bottom chill.

Referring to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing:-

Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of a mould provided with one form of auxiliarychill in place in the well in the main chill;

Figure 2 shows a sectional elevation of a modifieg form of auxiliary chill having external ribs an i a Figure 3 a corresponding cross-section on the line 3 -3 of Figure 2; while finally Figures 4 and 5 show sectional elevation and plan respectively of another modifiedform 0! bars.

In carrying the invention into efiect according:

to one form as illustrated in Figure 1 and applied to the production of steel ingots, the mould, a, is of the general shape described inthe abovementioned specification, that is to say, it is slightly conical while its transverse dimensions are greater than its depth.

The mould is provided with a detachable cover, I), having a central filling hole, 0, vent holes, d, and ducts, e, from which issue high-temperature gaseous jets playing on the surface of the molten metal throughout the cooling process.

The ingot itself is indicated by the letter, J.

A massive metal base block, several times the weight of the ingot to be cast is shown built up of parts, h, the upper surface of the centre part, i, being formed with a well, is, preferably of circular cross-section and tapering slightly.

It will be understood that the side walls of the mould a are made non-heat-conducting by preheating or otherwise, that is, such as to prevent the conduction of heat from the metal in the mould, so that the ingot will be cooled substantially wholly from the bottom upwards.

In the well and resting on the bottom thereof is disposed a mass of metal, m, acting as an auxiliary chill and filling it may be a volume half that of the well or more.

According to the form'of auxiliary filling chill shown in Figure 1, the mass of metal, m, may be formed as a hollow cylinder arranged co-axial with the well, the cylinder having walls, n, comparable in thickness with the diameter of the axial hole, 0, which passes downwards only a certain distance through the metallic mass. so as to form a cup, and holes, 2', are provided leading radially therefrom. through the walls, this arrangement assisting to prevent undue splashing. The walls are thinned away towards the top to avoid abrupt change of section in the molten metal forming the stalk while the outside of the cylinder is or may be provided with annular serrations or the like, s, to assist in securing it to the surrounding metal as it solidifies after pouring. I

The chill is preferably given a convex forma-y tion below to lessen the area in contact with the bottom surface of the well.

According to a modified form of auxiliary chill, (see Figures 2 and 3) the serrations take the form of fins, t, running longitudinally.

Such fins serve the double purpose of increasing the area available for the flow of heat from the molten metal of the stalk into the auxiliary chill and of obtaining a secure attachment to the stalk, the edges of the fins readily fusing by reason of their shape.

According to another modification, the auxiliary chill consists of a multiplicity of vertical steel bars, u, preferably tapered or pointed at their upper ends and provided with cavities, serrations or the like if desired, such bars being fixedsymmetrically to a suitable base plate, v, placed in the bottom oi the well.

With arrangements of the character described, when the molten metal is poured into the mould, that part that enters the well is very rapidly solidified and cooled by the masses oi! cold metal with which it comes into contact, so that as cooling of the ingot proceeds, the substantial horizontality of the isothermals is not unduly disturbed.

An ingot is thus produced having a stalk, w, integral therewith, the mass of metal, m, originally disposed in the well being embedded in the stalk.

Any details of the processes and apparatus described in the specification above mentioned may be used in connection with the present invention.

As stated above, however, it will be seen that the present forms of apparatus are not necessarily restricted to the processes described in this specification but may find useful application in other processes.

It will be seen in addition, that while the present invention is applicable especially to the production of steel ingots, it may in certain cases be useful for the production of ingots of other metals.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. Apparatus for use in casting an ingot with an integral handling stalk, comprising an ingot mould having non-heat-conducting walls, and a massive metal chill closing one end of said ingot mould, said chill having a well in that face or said chill adjacent said ingot mould, said well being small in volume in relation to the volume of said chill to serve as a mould for said stalk and having disposed therein a mass of metal partly to fill said well and serving as an auxiliary chill.

2. An auxiliary metal filling chill for casting an integral handling stalk on an ingot and adapted for use in a well within a massive chill closing one end of an ingot mould, said auxiliary metal filling chill being of elongated form and having a cup-like part with duct means penetrating the wall of said cup.

3. An auxiliary metal filling chill for casting an integral handling stalk on an ingot and adapted for use in a well within a massive chill closing one end of an ingot mould, said auxiliary metal filling chill being of elongated form and having a body with salient parts thinned away at their free extremities.

4. An auxiliary metal filling chill for casting an integral handling stalk on an ingot and adapted for use in a well within a massive chill closing one end of an ingot mould, said auxiliary metal filling chill being of elongated form and having external serrations integral with its body.

5. An auxiliary metal filling chill ior casting an integral handling stalk on an ingot and adapted for use in a well within a massive chill closing one end of an ingot mould, said auxiliary metal filling chill being of elongated form and having a cup-like part, the rim 01' which our like part is thinned away.

6. An auxiliary metal filling an integral handling stalk on an ingot and adapted for use in a well within a massive chill closing one end of an ingot mould, said auxiliary metal filling chill being of elongated form comprising a base and a plurality of parallel bars secured thereto.

ALFRED QUINTIN CARNEGIE.

HUGH MALCOLM DUNCAN. and

KATHARINE PARSONS,

VINCENT THOMPSON,

FREDERICK GORDON HAY BEDFORD, Legal Representatives of the Estate of Charles Algernon Parsons, Deceased.

chill for casting 

